Plane Conversations

This is my son, Robby. (He’s number three of four, and yes, I am extremely blessed.) He’s five, and he’s going to start kindergarten this year.

This picture was taken in the back of my dad’s Beech Baron 55. From time to time, I’ve also let him sit at the controls of a KC-135, C-17, King Air (C-12), T-38, F-16, and many others.

Robby looks at airplanes with awe and wonder.  When one flies over, he looks up and stares at it. Then he will look at me seriously and tell me it’s Southwest–even if it’s a Cessna Skyhawk–because he is trying to act like his big brother Blake (who can identify Southwest).

When Robby is flying in an airplane, he looks down at the world below–everything is so small, yet the world is so much bigger–and he is amazed.

I love to share the wonder of aviation, the joy of flying, with Robby, with each of my children.  In turn, they love to hear stories of the superhuman feats that I’ve accomplished in airplanes: Setting a world record by dropping seventy two thousand pounds of NASA solid rocket booster out the back of a C-17 or pulling 6g’s or going straight up in an F-16 at Mach 1.3.  (That’s really fast in case you were counting.) Or doing a spin in a T-6A Texan II. Or flying in formation with six other transports–that’s over two million pounds of cargo carrying airplanes–and doing a tactical descent at 20,000 feet per minute. (Okay, it was slightly less than 20,000 fpm, because that descent rate is the max limit.)  Or the story about how I greased it on the runway at the end of a twenty six hour day–from Sydney to Honolulu to Detroit–a landing so soft that the baby in the back didn’t even wake after fighting a twenty knot crosswind all the way down the ILS.

You and I know that these are the kinds of things that pilots of all kinds do every day. That doesn’t matter. To Robby, to the unfamiliar, flying is magic.

Robby doesn’t understand the “flight or fight” or “no plane no gain” slogans. He doesn’t understand the bottom line or return on investment or profitability.  (Incidentally, I like flying and aviation and those videos put me to sleep.)

He does understand superheroes.  That’s why Cessna’s poster series was genius.  

We need stories, not stats. We want to be inspired, not lectured.  You won’t convince anyone with balance sheets or P&L statements.  

But if we can tell a story…

Like that baby in the back that slept through the best landing ever. It was a medevac mission.  Mom and Dad may not remember what kind of plane it was or know how much it cost. But they know how it changed their lives when they saw the pediatric heart specialist the next day.

And that executive who was worried about the bottom line when he hopped in the Learjet early that day is probably thinking more about eating dinner with his wife and kids than his discouragement over not getting the big deal.

Or that factory in Alabama and the forty people who get to work tonight, earn a paycheck, because the supplier flew the part in on the company Bonanza.  

The lives we touch–the countless multitudes of people who haven’t flown on and don’t fly and will never fly in a business jet or an experimental aircraft or even an SR22–when we touch their lives, that’s what makes us superheroes.

If we can tell those stories about the people whose lives aviation changes…then aviation will change lives.

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Over the past few months as I have talked both online and offline to people about Social Flights, a question has been raised about the impact of the Social Flights business model on the security of private aviation flights. A recent tweet from @tinsko started a dialogue via twitter about this issue that prompted me to write more on this issue from my perspective as an operator of charter aircraft.

In private aviation, whether operating charter flights, running a corporate flight department or flying your own aircraft, the reality of security is that we know who is on our flight. For starters, on a small aircraft carrying 4 to 12 people it would be strange to be sitting on a flight with someone you did not know, or at least know why they were on the flight. I think all of us who have experienced flying this way can say we have never been on an aircraft when we did not know who was on our flight and why they were on it.

There are ways that we as a charter operator comply with security, such as checking passengers against the no fly list and training of our employees to identify potential threats. These are all good security filters to prevent boarding a passenger who could be a threat.

What most of us will say, however, is that the best security measure is to know your passengers on a more personal level.

When I board an airline flight, most of the time I don’t know anyone else on the flight, unless I am traveling with others from my company or family members. What I do assume is that we have all gone through security screening and no fly lists, so that by the time we get on the aircraft the risk has been mitigated to an acceptable level.  All of this screening does not prevent the occasional passenger going nuts on the flight and trying something crazy. We have seen these stories lately.  Fortunately, the most anyone has succeeded at doing is getting thrown off the flight and met at the gate by law enforcement.

Back to charter flights. As our business model for Social Flights develops, people will self-aggregate around travel intentions and charter flights. They will board a small jet together and go to a common destination. Before that flight they may not have met each other in person, but I am convinced they will know more about each other than they know about the person they share space with on an airline flight.

With the explosion of social technology in the past seven years, most of us now know so much more about the rest of us than we ever have before. We all have put ourselves out there on Facebook, Linked In and Twitter and we have a history of interaction with each other. A history that says way more about who are than a security screening or a government list.

So before I share a Social Flights ride with you I will know a lot about who you are, who your friends are, who your business associates are, and what you have been up to recently. And based on that knowledge I can make some pretty good assumptions about what level of threat you might impose on me and our fellow passengers when we fly together.

Nothing is completely fail safe and our society can never completely protect ourselves from bad actors who are intent on harming us. But our intelligence agencies have proven that good information is the best basis for preventing acts of terrorism.  

I would propose that getting to know each other before we share a ride on a jet might be one of the best security measures we could use. It has never been easier to develop that trust than it is today with the advent of social technology.

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Maybe this most recent economic crisis wasn’t Armageddon, but I think I saw a Guernsey or two fall somewhere over central Mississippi.

The technology and practices of our industrial world are changing at a mind-boggling pace.  Since we started blogging just over a year ago, the advancements have been staggering, allowing us to begin developing a “wouldn’t-it-be-cool-if” idea into a “isn’t-it-be-incredible-that” reality.  However, if we had kept believing that we already knew it all, we would still be sitting on the porch, whittling, rocking in our chairs and wishing for a brighter reality. 

This Big Idea is a gamble, to be sure; Big Ideas always are.  But, to take our industry into its next great phase, we must accept that, “There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, Than are dreamt of in your philosophy.” We must reject bad managerial habits that keep us trapped in a paradigm which ceased to be profitable years ago.  Aircraft operators are frustrated by rising fuel prices, rising training costs, rising salary and benefits costs.  Equipment is getting older.  Remaining competitive means newer equipment, higher standards and better practices.  Meanwhile, many charter brokers insist on lower pricing, sometimes to the point of incorrectly educating the end-user on the actual cost of operating aircraft to the highest standards.  Sadly, even some operators have been willing to operate below cost just to produce the cash flow.  Reputable operators know what it costs to run a quality operation.  Reputable brokers also know this and are willing to support the operators’ reasonable pricing structures to their own clients.  But I digress.  My point is this: charter operators are frustrated with rates which are not keeping pace with rising costs.  Even with this frustration, we hamstring ourselves by acting conservatively out of fear of making mistakes and by avoiding anything new until it’s better understood.  Neither habit is bad altogether, but the over-application of either of them can be deadly. 

As I discussed the Big Idea with a few operators this week, I was discouraged at the response of many of them.  If the Idea is flawed, I would expect rejection and would hope that someone would point out the fatal flaw; but, that’s not why it was rejected.  Their rejection of the Idea stemmed from “I’ve never thought of that” and “We’ve never done it that way before,” not from the Idea’s merits or demerits.  It’s one thing for an industry to suffer or fail due to catastrophic and unforeseen market changes, but that isn’t the case here.  The market has been changing for at least the last 10 years.  As operators and brokers began aggressively selling one-way trips, introducing our product to a wider audience, the market has been changing.  As the global economy was reeling, our market changed further with more aggressive pricing, air taxi services, and ride sharing.  I often here people lamenting the loss of the “good old days.”  Let’s face it: the good old days weren’t all that great either.  We still struggled.  We still worked on narrow margins.  I don’t think we worked any less hard, but maybe we worked a little less creatively.

While we’ve gotten more creative, it’s time for us to make a big creative leap now.  Sharing flights is a creative way to broaden our market.  Using social technology to share those flights is a creative way to work smarter.  It’s the next Big Idea.

So, yes, 150 years ago, everybody knew man couldn’t fly.  70 years ago, everybody knew that supersonic flight was deadly.  And 15 minutes ago, you knew that shared flights would never work.   Once we accept that we don’t know our market as well as we think we do, we allow ourselves to adapt our industry to the new marketplace.  When we use social innovations like Social Flights to tap into that new marketplace, we broaden our reach.

If we can learn all of that today, embrace the Big Idea of flying socially, imagine what we’ll know tomorrow.

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A LA Times article by Hugo Martín discusses what those who travel on the airline have experienced in the past year and it looks like we can expect more of the same in 2011.

Passenger demand has returned with the upturn in the economy and airlines have limited their growth in inventory (seats) in order to make a profit by increasing their yield per flight. Less empty seats means more control over pricing and greater yields per flight. Simple supply and demand economics.

That’s all great if you are on the selling side of that equation. If you are on the buying side it increases the likelihood that you will get bumped off a flight. When a flight cancels your next flight out may be the next day, not a few hours later, because that next flight in a few hours is already sold out.

Load factors in this article for Delta and United are running at around 84%. Load factors at that level mean a lot of flights are full at peak times and many are oversold. I don’t mind a full flight if you just get me home on time and don’t lose my stuff. I do mind it when you cancel the flight and tell me you will get me home the next day.

The LA Times article posts some interesting comments from a survey by Zagat of 8000 frequent fliers:

* The only thing missing is a blindfold and a cigarette.

* My bags get better service, but they pay extra.

* The only difference between economy and business classes is a shrimp on your salad.

* “Unwelcome aboard!”

* I don’t love getting up-close-and-personal with the head of the person in front of me.

* Who made them mad at their customers?

* Entree selections should be labeled “choose your poison.”

* When two crummy medium-size airlines merge, all you get is a crummy large airline.

* Seats make an iron maiden seem comfortable.

Business Aviation continues to have unprecedented opportunities to meet the market of frustrated travelers with a better proposition. As airlines turn into mass transit systems that sell a commodity (seats) are there still people willing to pay for service? More importantly can business aviation save time over airline travel and do people value their time more or less in today’s economy?

I think I know the answer but from my viewpoint I am biased. If the airlines just got me there on time I think I could tolerate the rest. But when I don’t get there on time then all of the service failings start to really get to me. Too much time in a crowded terminal waiting on that “next flight” is not good for travelers to reflect on the experience

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My son came home from school one day with a classroom story I found disturbing.  It was at the beginning of the school year and the teacher asked each student to introduce themselves and to tell what their career goals were.  One student stated that he wanted to be a famous rap artist.  The teacher’s advice to the student was to pick another career, he’d never make it in that one.

I’m sure that there were plenty of people who gave the same advice to Marshall Mathers and Curtis Jackson; but, apparently neither Eminem nor 50 Cent took notice of the naysayers. 

Several months ago, I read a blog entitled Misfit Entrepreneurs that really stuck with me.  In the blog, Dan Pallotta wonders how Bruce Springsteen could communicate his aspirations to his father, “How does he tell his father, ‘I’m going to be Bruce Springsteen?’ “  How does any true visionary communicate their vision to the rest of us?  How can they explain their dream to expand or alter a current reality?  How can they define what we can’t even imagine?

At the moment, my son wants to be a stand-up comedian.  He’s pretty hilarious; so, this may be a good fit for him.  I remind him that the path is difficult and that the price, in terms of work, will be high.  However, if Jerry Seinfeld can do it, I don’t see why my son wouldn’t be able to – provided he’s willing to do the work.  Those are the real keys, aren’t they?  We must be able to envision the goal and we must be willing to do the work.

In the charter side of Business and General Aviation, we often talk about the problems in our industry.  Operators all over the country have shut down.  Those of us still flying struggle with ever-thinner margins.  Customers want more stringent standards; but, they often want to pay less for them.  The market is unwilling to pay price increases that keep pace with cost increases.  How can we continue to operate under these circumstances?  We operate smarter.

But, we can’t operate smarter until we change the way we view ourselves and our product.  We have to envision ourselves as Bruce Springsteen before we can actually translate the vision to reality.  We have to stop seeing our industry only for what it is and, instead, see it for what it can be.  What if we can increase fleet utilization without substantially increasing costs?  What if we can increase our margins simply be changing our customer base?  What if we could increase our customer base by tenfold?

What if I told you that we can?  What if I told you that the vision was becoming reality right on the horizon?  Would you be willing to envision it?  Would you be willing to work on it with us? 

We can do it.  After all, Bruce Springsteen exists.

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An industry in crisis is an industry ripe for transformation.

America’s air travel system is in crisis. In response to rising fuel prices, air-space congestion and industry losses during the recession, airlines have cut capacity and raised rates. These challenges follow on the heels of delays and hassles that have cost the nation almost $33 billion in the past year alone, according to a recent study commissioned by the FAA / DOT.

Some blame the problems on government regulations over airlines and the lack of modernized air traffic control infrastucture. Others see the problem as dysfunctional management of the airline system.

Could it be that “the system of air travel” is being re-engineered before our eyes and all the current problems are part of the process?

I remember when airline travel used to be a social experience. Today it is anything but social, with the majority of passengers frustrated by the experience and loss of productivity.  Yet air travel is necessary for both leisure and business purposes.

How big is air travel and its impact on the economy here in the US?

Research from the US Travel Association says:

1. About 42 percent of U.S. adults reported traveling by air for leisure trips.  The percentage of air travelers increases to 48 percent among U.S. adults who traveled for business purposes in the past year.
2. A study by the U.S. Travel Association revealed a deep frustration among air travelers that caused them to avoid an estimated 41 million trips over the past 12 months at a cost of more than $26 billion to the U.S. economy.
3. Business travel in the U.S. is responsible for $246 billion in spending and 2.3 million American jobs; $100 billion of this spending and 1 million American jobs are linked directly to meetings and events. For every dollar invested in business travel, businesses experience an average $12.50 in increased revenue and $3.80 in new profits.
4. The Internet was used by approximately 90 million American adults to plan travel during the past year with 76 percent of online travelers planning leisure trips online.

The Social Market of Travel Is Hot Every other day or two, you hear about a new travel app, a travel related company, or a mega travel player partnering, acquiring, or developing the next industry killer app. Consider some of the recent developments in the travel space over the last year:

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Good ideas travel easily and far along trade routes.  Ideas like irrigation, Apples, grapes and wine spread along the Silk Road. The paper and writing spread new ideas leading to increased literacy, the scrapping of old philosophy and the creation of new social orders. The printing press then led the way for today’s mighty publishing Industry.  But don’t forget a simple fact, travel is the substrate of the next economic paradigm.

Ideas: A Chain with many Weak Links

Seth Godin wrote a wonderful article about the publishing industry called The Domino Effect.  He observes that:

1. The middlemen (bookstores) have too much power to limit shelf space.

2.Authors are separated from their readers and don’t have the data to contact them directly.

3. Pricing is based static, slow, and largely irrelevant of content or any form of supply and demand which is of little benefit to the reader or the author.

4. Ideas from books travel much farther and faster than the book itself which does not translate into book sales.

Mr. Godin’s point is that given how important books are, the Chain has many weak links between the author and the audience. Publishing is due for an extraordinary disruption and Seth is going to change it with The Domino Project.  But how many other industries suffer from the same weak-chain syndrome?

Travel: A Plane with many Weak Links

Well, if Books and Travel spreads ideas along the Silk Road, then they must have a lot of other things in common.  If we apply Seth’s observations to the commercial airlines:

1. We see that Airports and airlines have tremendous power to limit gates, times, and availability of routes.

2.  Airlines have no idea why they are carrying all those people around.

3. Pricing is static, segmented, slow, and has very little to do with the actual supply and demand for travel.

4. Travelers are transporting ideas which move faster and more broadly than the aircraft itself and which does not translate into more airline tickets sold.

Where ideas spread; value is created

What is so powerful about ideas?  Most innovation gurus discount raw “ideas” as the useless drivel of idle minds. “Show me the money, not the ideas”, they bark.  If ideas are not innovation, then what are they?  If Ideas are not valuable, then what are they?

The Travel Economy

Travel technologies and applications are being sold for incredible sums of money.  Every airline merger is big news and every geolocation application is huge business.  Travel data is a lightening rod for everything from pricing to privacy.  Social Media applications are getting that migration routes are an excellent marker for “value flow” and therefore, cash flow.  Airline Travel is still the most favored mode political disruption because the links in the economic chain are so weak.  Travel is serious business.

The “New Value” Integration:

Every industry with weak links between production and end use are candidates for disruption in the great integration. Any idea that can strengthen the link in the chain between origin and the destination of an idea is a product of the great integration.  The Social Value creation process and astonishing opportunity will happen at the weak links between origin and destination of any product or service.

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Many of us who work in business aviation wonder if people would be willing to share their travel plans, share a flight together, let others know what they are up to, so they can meet up on trips, share rides from the airport to the hotel and so forth.

In other words, will business aviation travel go social?

One of the terms used for the aircraft we operate is “private” which does not exactly line up with “social” in a public sense.  We fly “private jets.” Private sounds like I don’t want the public to know what I am doing, where I am going and I most likely do not want to share my private ride.

Sharing is already happening in the world of airline travel and the events that drive travel; maybe to ease the pain inflicted on travelers by the airline system.

As I have looked around on the internet for social media platforms related to travel some really interesting ones have started showing up.

• Planely (www.planely.com) allows airline travelers to share their flight itinerary with the hope of connecting with others on the same flight. If this builds critical mass it could become a valuable tool.
• IMGuest (www.imguest.com) allows travelers to share their hotel location and plans in order to meet up face to face with others at the same or close by hotels, and expand their network.
• Plancast (www.plancast.com) is a site that is really done well, allowing people to post their plans for attending conventions, local events, music events, etc. and easily see who else is attending. A great way to make connections both locally and at away events.
• TripIt (www.tripit.com), which just announced its acquisition by Concur (Nasdaq: CNQR), was one of the first travel sites allowing travelers to share their itineraries that gained a mass adoption. Concur is a leading provider of integrated travel and expense management solutions and apparently thinks TripIt is on to something based on the acquisition price.

These sites allow you to sign up and use them for free, and in some cases check in through your Facebook or Twitter accounts. The Facebook check-in creates an instant profile for fellow travelers to see plus it gives the site access to your Facebook information.

So the question asked again: Are travelers willing to share their travel plans in the hope of making the experience more social? The answer seems to be yes, as travelers are signing up to these social technology platforms in droves.

What about personal and business travel in private chartered aircraft?

What is the value in sharing travel plans with others you don’t know too well? Is it too risky?  Most of these sites tout the value proposition of networking and meeting up with people you would not otherwise meet.

The value of each of us knowing where others are going can go beyond just networking.

If you and I find out we are going to the same places, we can get together and come up with new solutions for getting there more efficiently by sharing costs and buying travel collaboratively. Eventually we may even be able to drive the market to offer better solutions that fit our needs, versus what suppliers of air mass transportation offer us today.

It would great if we could go when and where we really want to go in the most efficient manner as opposed to being pushed and shoved through a system that is not designed to really meet our intentions.

When that happens can the private aircraft, and the industry that supports it, be a possible solution?

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Part 1

I read a lot and try to keep up with what is going on in our industry, trends, innovations, economic forecasts for aviation and the economy on a macro level, what and how the airlines are doing, and so forth.

However, my best perspective about Business and General Aviation still comes from where I sit working in the middle of a business that charters, manages, sells, maintains, fuels and stores aircraft. We also partner on two flight schools that do primary and advanced flight training. I am surrounded by and involved with just about every aspect of general aviation.

2010 was a year that started out with no clear understanding of whether it would be the year of recovery or a repeat of 2009.

The first 8 months of the year were up and down on monthly revenue in charter. Some months looked great and some looked like 2009. It is hard to run a business without predictability in revenue and activity. How do you staff for that and plan cash flow? We managed to hang on.

We have been very fortunate to have a maintenance division of the company that never slowed down during the recession due to the type of maintenance we specialize in. We perform work on and refurbish small regional airline aircraft and the demand for these aircraft worldwide didn’t change much during the recession. Small airlines around the world and the communities they serve need aircraft. Aviation in many countries is not so much a luxury but more of a necessity of travel with poor road infrastructure. The weakness in the small regional airline market seemed to be more the lack of financing than lack of demand.

Our FBO’s showed steady improvement this year over last year. Fuel sales volume was still not at 2007 levels but it got closer. I like upward trends more than downward trends.

The good news really happened in the last 4 months of this year. The phones started ringing more and our charter flights picked up tremendously. As I reviewed it yesterday, and compared to the last 4 months of 2009, I almost couldn’t believe the numbers. Our revenue in charter was up 65% over last year from September through December.

What happened to cause this increase?

A few things on our end helped, including an increase in the size of the charter fleet with 8 new aircraft additions over the past 12 months. Included in that mix was a 30-seat turboprop that met a void in the market. Without too much marketing effort this aircraft started flying immediately when it went into service at midyear.

Looking at the external factors, the airlines and the system they operate in continued to add frustration and inefficiency to air travel. More TSA hassles, more delays and cancellations added to the misery factor. Reduced seats and increased demand created profit for the airlines but caused trouble for the business traveler. Full flights don’t allow much flexibility when cancellations happen due to weather or maintenance. It is not so easy anymore to rebook on the flight leaving two hours later. Sometimes that turns into “we will get you there tomorrow”.

Demand for travel has come back but the friction in the system has gotten worse.

That is good for those of us who are in the business of offering alternatives to scheduled airline travel.

So my guess is that we also benefited from the economy and the airline system. I will take the gift the airlines are handing us and smile.

The snowstorm in the Northeast this week generated a lot of year-end flight activity for us. Stranded vacationers were willing to charter flights to get where they needed to go.

So this year ended up a whole lot better than it started, and I am encouraged that the opportunities for our company and for our industry are going to improve in 2011.

Even in a shaky and uncertain economy people still need to travel. Businesses have proven their resilience to keep doing business and make things work even when the forecasts from some are doom and gloom. Face to face business has yet to be replaced totally by the videoconference. I still can’t share a meal with you through the video screen.

I believe we have amazing opportunities as an industry to improve the efficiency of businesses by saving time and stress on their most valuable asset – their people.

From my perspective I will take 2010 as a year of learning to adapt and innovate and treading water without sinking.

In the next posting I will throw out some ideas and thoughts about what 2011 and forward could look like.

Happy New Year

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When you and I visited last, Leon and I were at Wal-Mart buying emergency clothes and supplies since our bags were lost. I honestly thought (hoped) that would be the end of the trip drama.

Later that day, our bags showed up on the doorstep where we were staying; so, we finally had our stuff.

Tuesday night’s business dinner went late; and, we had a Wednesday morning meeting before we would leave Danbury to drive to White Plains (HPN) to catch our 11:30 departure for home.  That was the plan, anyway.

Wednesday morning there was a voice message on Leon’s cell phone notifying us the 11:30 am flight out of HPN had been canceled and that we had been rebooked on a 6:05am flight. The message was sent sometime Tuesday night while we were at dinner; but. we did not get the message. He received a text message at 6:10am saying that we were booked on the 6:05am flight (you know, the one that left five minutes ago?). For us to have made that flight, we would have had to have left Danbury about 4:15 am Wednesday morning, missing our Wednesday morning meeting completely.

After calling the help desk at Delta, we were able to get a flight out of La Guardia at 3:30pm, going non-stop to Nashville.

This wasn’t toobad since it gave us a little more time for business at Danbury.  Great.  So, we left Danbury around noon for the hour and a half drive to New York’s La Guardia airport. When we were within sight of the terminal building, I got a computer call from Delta notifying us that our 3:30pm flight had been canceled due to weather in Nashville and that we had been rebooked on a Thursday morning flight departing at  8:10am.  You’re kidding me, right?

Trying to figure out how to reduce the costs of this change, we returned the rental car, checked into an airport hotel and the day was over.

Delta had canceled all flights Wednesday afternoon into Nashville (BNA) due to forecasted surface icing conditions. I appreciate the seriousness of freezing rain and what it does to an aircraft; but, interestingly, Southwest and other carriers continued to fly into BNA all Wednesday afternoon and evening.

I wonder if the cancellations had anything to do with the “passenger bill of rights” and the new penalties for people who are left stranded on aircraft or in terminals. Maybe not, but the cancellation of that many flights for a chance of bad weather seems like a very aggressive cancellation policy.

Our next trip to Danbury will be in a Cirrus SR-22 or on Southwest to Hartford, Connecticut’s Bradley / Windsor Locks Airport if the weather is too bad for the Cirrus. No more La Guardia. How much productivity is lost by traveling in this system? The FAA study says about $33 billion per year in lost time. I don’t know exactly how they came up with that number; but, I would dare say that they have not even scratched the surface of true losses since they have no way today to measure the wear and tear on the human mind and body from traveling through the airline system.   

Bottom line: The trip home got us back to Nashville one day late with travel time Danbury to home base at Smyrna was 22 hours. I think that got us down to about 45 mph average trip speed.  In the 1930’s, Delta Air Lines advertised “Speed, Comfort and Convenience.”  Not so much.

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